<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Belgium<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> This small private enterprise economy has capitalized on its central geographic location, highly developed transport network, and diversified industrial and commercial base. Industry is concentrated mainly in the populous Flemish area in the north, although the government is encouraging reinvestment in the southern region of Walloon. With few natural resources Belgium must import substantial quantities of raw materials and export a large volume of manufactures, making its economy unusually dependent on the state of world markets. Three fourths of its trade is with other EC countries. The economy grew at a strong 4% pace during the period 1988-90, but economic growth slowed to a 1% pace in 1991-92 and dropped by 1.5% in 1993. Belgium's public debt has risen to 140% of GDP, and the government is trying to control its expenditures to bring the figure more into line with other industrialized countries.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$177.5 billion (1993)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> -1.5% (1993)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $17,700 (1993)
<item>• <hi format=ital>consumption per capita:</hi> 6,790 kWh (1992)
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<item><hi format=bold>Industries:</hi> engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly, processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles, glass, petroleum, coal
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> accounts for 2.0% of GDP; emphasis on livestock production—beef, veal, pork, milk; major crops are sugar beets, fresh vegetables, fruits, grain, tobacco; net importer of farm products
<item><hi format=bold>Illicit drugs:</hi> source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors; important gateway country for cocaine entering the European market
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>donor:</hi> ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $5.8 billion
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<item><hi format=bold>Currency:</hi> 1 Belgian franc (BF)=100 centimes
<item><hi format=bold>Exchange rates:</hi> Belgian francs (BF) per US$1—36.242 (January 1994), 34.597 (1993), 32.150 (1992), 34.148 (1991), 33.418 (1990), 39.404 (1989)
<item><hi format=bold>Fiscal year:</hi> calendar year